James lobenzo gage



(N0 Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet I. J.,L.GAGE. WOOD CUTTING MACHINE.

No. 272,038. Patented Feb 13, 1883.

N4 PETERS, Phvtmlilhflmpher. WaShingQon. D. C,

UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

JAMES LORENZO GAGE, F oHroAeo, rnmnolsg ASSIGNOR or ONE-HALF TO NATHAN MEARS, or SAME PLACE.

WOOD-CUTTING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION fQrming part of Letters Patent No. 272,038, dated February 13, 1883.

-Application filed August '7, 1882. (No model.)

in Wood-Cutting Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists in providing a revolvinghead, having knives placed on the face,with

a com pressin gdevice to prevent the wood from checking. This gives a shear out, which I consider the best for cutting when it can be obtained. Second,combining with said wheel a carriage having an intermittent feed. I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a frontelevation. Fig. 2is a top view. Fig. 3 is a vertical section through 3 3, Fig. 2. Fig. dis a section of wheel A through 4 4, Fig. 1, showing the position of the bar as to the cutting-edge of the knife. Fig. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of the carriage and means for holding the same against the backthrust.

Similar letters refer to similar parts in the several views.

A is a large wheel, having two knives, c, placed on its face on opposite sides, as shown in Fig. l, and having recesses cast out, commencing at the edge of the knife, as shown in Fig. 4, for the material to pass out as it is being cut from the block.

B is a suitable frame, which carries the several parts of the machine.

G is the main shaft, that carries the wheel A. This shaft gives motion also to the several acting parts. On the front of shaft G a spurwheel, a, is keyed that meshes into a spurwheel of equal size on shaft f, and communicates motion to shaft h by means of miterwheels K. On the shaft it there are two cams, m, Fig. 3, set on opposite sides. These cams give a reciprocating motion to racks n by means main frame B,and are given a vertical motion by cams m on shaft 00 by means of treadle y. To the main frame 13,011 the upper sideand in front of wheel A, are bolted two racks, B, having a recess formed on their under sides, as shown at a, Fig. 1. These recesses admit the slides formed on the ends of carriage P, and keep it in its place. The racks B are engaged by pawls 0, attached to carriage P. On the inner ends of the pawls are right and left screws 6, upon which are arranged the nuts y. These nuts have their inner ends received in holes formed through the sidebars, S, of a handle, 2. The nuts are adapted to slide in said side bars of the handle, and are thrown outwardly and apart, so as to hold the pawls in t engagement with racks B, by means of an expansion spring, g, arranged in any suitable way between theinner ends of the screws which pass through the nuts, as shownin Fig. 5. The spring yields while the carriage is moved forward and the pawls pass from tooth to tooth; but when the carriage is to be moved back the; pawls can be positively drawn toward each other and held in disengagement from the racks by turning down the handle, which in turning the nuts causes the screws to move inwardly, or toward each other.

The carriage has suitable dogs, 3, for holding the block operated by handle 4. This handle will connect with devices for drawing the 8: dogs toward each other or moving them apart; but as such mechanism is found in nearly all machines of this class it need not be further illustrated or described. The racks n and B have their teeth the same size as on the botbar is placed longitudinally in respect to the 93 knife and on an angle thereto for cutting tapering material. A roller may be substituted, but I prefer the bar.

a rear part of the yoke the other is disengaged 'rial.

while passing around. This allows the carriage to remain fixed while the knife is cutting through the block, the several gears and cams first being set so that the forward movement of the carriage is performed between the two knives. At each forward movement of the carriage the pawls 0 move one tooth in racks B, and hold the carriage rigid while the knife is cutting and the bar is pressing against the block. Otherwise the compression would be lost and checks produced. While I the wheel passes around, rounded rib or projection of the bar, striking in advance of the knife, compresses the wood between itself and the carriage, thereby producing sound mate- A shear out can be given to a reciprocating knife by elevating one end of the knife above the other. This 1 consider an equivalent cut when compressing devices are attached.

It will be seen that the springg tends to throw the pawls 6 out, so that they shall engage the racks. WVhen the pawl passes from one tooth to another the spring yields to such pressure, and at the same time holds the opposite pawl firmlyin engagement with its appropriate rack, the nut on the screw, which is thus pushed inwardly by the pawl passing over the rack-teeth, sliding sligh tly in such case through the handle-arm in which it is fitted. When the opposite pawl is moved along the rack by the movement of the carriage at its end carryin g said pawl, asimilaroperation takes place, said second pawl moving overits rack'and the remaining pawl engaging its rack by reason of the spring. Vhen the handle is operated so as to turn the nuts and force them outwardly against projections 11 on the carriage, the screws will be moved inwardly, thus freein g both pawls from their respective racks and allowing the carriage to be moved back. By drawing the handle 2 down the pawls are disengaged from racks B, and bydisplacing racks n by treadle y from the racks under the .carriage, the carriage can be drawn back.

In conclusion, I will state that in this machine the bar is setan angle to the knife, so

asto cut a shingle with the required taper. In cutting shingles the presser-bar maintains an even pressure throughout the operation. This result is obtained for the reason that one end of the-carriage being moved up first, one end of the block from which the shingles are cut is placed ahead of the other, whereby the buttend of the shingle is cut from said advanced end, and the front face of the block, while at an angle to the knife, is parallel with the presserbar. In this way, then, the bar presses equally the entire length. and depth of the block, while the knife cuts down through the block in a vertical plane. After the out has been made the other end of the carriage is moved ahead, so that the presser-bar belonging to the next knife will, during the further revolution of the wheel, be brought parallel with the face of the block, while the next knife will be at an angle thereto, so as to cut the shingle with its proper taper. The block has been moved ahead at one end the thickness of the butt of a shingle preparatory to cutting such second shingle, which latter is cut into the shape of the space between the bar and the knife. It will be found in practice that there will be no choking of the material between the bar and the knife, since the edge of the knife is set slightly above the top of the presser-bar, and as the outer end of the knife passes down through the bottom of the block first, so that when the cut is entirely made the shingle will have passed through the throat of the wheel, except a small corner of the shingle, which will in practice pass through the throat of the wheel without difficulty.

In cutting shingles with my improved machine, the shingles, if of ordinary width, will not be appreciably thinner at one side edge than at the other side edge. I may also observe that the wood, being steamed, yields to the pressureof the presser-bar, and this yielding of the block aids in maintaining acontinuous pressure in cutting a shingle, since the wood which yields to pressure has a tendency to expand against the presser-ba'r during the operation of severing a shingle. It the bar and knife were parallel. and the block fed straight forward,'it will be obvious that pieces of equal thickness would be cut by the rotary cutter. As it is, however, the bar set at an angle and the zigzag movement of the carriage serve to produce a shingle.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. In a wood-cutting machine, a revolving head, with the knives placed on the face side, as shown and described, in combination with a presser-bar having a longitudinal projection on its front side, and a carriage having an intermittent feed, for the purpose set forth.

2. In a wood-cutting machine, the revolving wheel A, provided with knives, and a presser-bar having a longitudinal rib or projection, substantially as described, in combination with a carriage having a zigzag motion, as set forth.

3. The combination, with the carriage, of the reciprocating rack-bars for feeding the carriage forward, the arms which cause said rackbars to reciprocate, the side racks, B, and pawls e, for holding the carriage against a backward movement, and the cutting and compressing devices, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the carriage with the hand, this 8th day of August, A. D. 1882, at side racks, B, pawls e, for engaging in said. Chicago, Cook county, in the State of Illinois. racks springs which act upon said pawls,and 1 theri ght and left screws and nuts whereby JAMES LORELZO GAGE 5 the pawls can be disengaged from the racks, Witnesses:

substantially as described. W. LEIMBACH,

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my CHAS. E. GAYLORD. 

